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South African Airways Flight 228 : ウィキペディア英語版
South African Airways Flight 228

South African Airways Flight 228 was a scheduled flight from Jan Smuts International Airport in Johannesburg, South Africa to London Heathrow International Airport that flew into the ground soon after take-off after a scheduled stopover in Windhoek, South West Africa (present day Namibia). Five passengers survived while 123 people died. The subsequent investigation determined that the accident was attributable largely to pilot error; the manufacturer subsequently also recognised the lack of a ground proximity warning system in its aircraft. The accident is the deadliest aviation accident to date in Namibia.〔
==History of the flight==
South African Airways Flight 228 was a scheduled flight of the Boeing 707-300C ''Pretoria'', registration ZS-EUW, on 20 April 1968 from Johannesburg to Heathrow via Windhoek, Luanda, Las Palmas and Frankfurt.
The first leg of the flight under Captain Eric Ray Smith from Johannesburg to JG Strijdom Airport, Windhoek, South-West Africa was uneventful. An additional 46 passengers embarked in Windhoek, and some airfreight was unloaded and loaded. The aircraft was only 6 weeks old when it rolled for take-off from Windhoek on runway 08 at 18:49 GMT (20:49 local time). It was a dark, moonless night with few if any lights on the ground east of the runway; the aircraft took off into what was described in the official report as a "black hole".〔 ((Archive ))〕 The aircraft initially climbed to an altitude of above ground level, then levelled off after 30 seconds and started to descend.
Fifty seconds after take-off, it flew into the ground in flight configuration at a speed of approximately . The four engines, which were the first parts of the aircraft to touch the ground, created four gouges in the soil before the rest of the aircraft also hit the ground and broke up. Two fires immediately broke out when fuel in the wings ignited. Although the crash site was only from the end of the runway, emergency services took 40 minutes to reach the scene because of rugged terrain. Nine passengers who were seated in the forward section of the fuselage initially survived, but two died soon after the accident, and another two a few days later, leaving a final death toll of 123 passengers and crew.〔

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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